Monday, July 4, 2011

Important Names in Biology...Branches of Biology

Important names in Biology

Aristotle - made countless observations of nature, especially the habits and attributes of plants and animals in the world around him.

Theophratus – wrote series iof books in Botany

Carolus Linnaeus – studied classifying and naming of organisms

Charles Darwin – wrote “Origin of Species”

Anton van Leeuwenhoek – improved the lenses of the microscope

Robert Hooke – discovered the “cell”

Gregor Mendel – studied traits passed on from parents to offsprings (inheritance and genetics)

Louis Pasteur – father of Bacteriology

Branches of Biology

These are the main branches of biology:[66][67]

§ Agriculture — the study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications

§ Anatomy — the study of form and function, in plants, animals, and other organisms, or specifically in humans

§ Biochemistry — the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level

§ Biogeography — the study of the distribution of species spatially and temporally

§ Biotechnology — a new and sometimes controversial branch of biology that studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification

§ Botany — the study of plants

§ Cell biology (Cytology)— the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell

§ Developmental biology — the study of the processes through which an organism forms, from zygote to full structure

§ Ecology — the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment

§ Embryology — the study of the development of embryo (from fecundation to birth). See also topobiology.

§ Entomology — the study of insects

§ Epidemiology — a major component of public health research, studying factors affecting the health of populations

§ Ethology — the study of animal behavior

§ Evolutionary Biology — the study of the origin and descent of species over time

§ Genetics — the study of genes and heredity

§ Herpetology — the study of reptiles and amphibians

§ Histology — the study of cells and tissues, a microscopic branch of anatomy

§ Ichthyology — the study of fish

§ Mammalogy — the study of mammals

§ Marine Biology — the study of ocean ecosystems, plants, animals, and other living beings

§ Microbiology — the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living things

§ Molecular Biology — the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry

§ Mycology — the study of fungi

§ Oceanography — the study of the ocean, including ocean life, environment, geography, weather, and other aspects influencing the ocean

§ Oncology — the study of cancer processes, including virus

§ Ornithology — the study of birds

§ Paleontology — the study of fossils and sometimes geographic evidence of prehistoric life

§ Pathobiology or pathology — the study of diseases, and the causes, processes, nature, and development of disease

§ Parasitology — the study of parasites and parasitism

§ Physiology — the study of the functioning of living organisms and the organs and parts of living organisms

§ Phytopathology — the study of plant diseases (also called Plant Pathology)

§ Virology — the study of viruses and some other virus-like agents

§ Zoology — the study of animals, including classification, physiology, development, and behavior

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